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Third, there are some exceptions to the previous point. Table 3.6 Monatomic Ions of Various Charges Ions formed by losing a single electron (In Chapter 9 “Chemical Bonds”, we will discuss why atoms form the charges they do.) Thus, if you commit the information in Table 3.6 “Monatomic Ions of Various Charges” to memory, you will always know what charges most atoms form. When sodium atoms form ions, they always form a 1+ charge, never a 2+ or 3+ or even 1− charge. Second, most atoms form ions of a single characteristic charge. This is actually one of the chemical properties of metals and nonmetals: metals tend to form cations, while nonmetals tend to form anions. First, each element that forms cations is a metal, except for one (hydrogen), while each element that forms anions is a nonmetal. There are several things to notice about the ions in Table 3.6 “Monatomic Ions of Various Charges”. Table 3.6 “Monatomic Ions of Various Charges” lists some common ions in terms of how many electrons they lose (making cations) or gain (making anions). When atoms gain or lose electrons, they usually gain or lose a characteristic number of electrons and so take on a characteristic overall charge. When they do, they become monatomic ions. Individual atoms can gain or lose electrons. Compounds formed from positive and negative ions are called ionic compounds. Remember that ions are formed only when electrons move from one atom to another a proton never moves from one atom to another. Species with overall positive charges are termed cations, while species with overall negative charges are called anions. Electrons can move from one atom to another when they do, species with overall electric charges are formed. They have the same number of electrons as protons, so the negative charges of the electrons is balanced by the positive charges of the protons. So far, we have discussed elements and compounds that are electrically neutral. Generate a proper name for an ionic compound.Construct a proper formula for an ionic compound.Learn the characteristic charges that ions have.